Análisis de los niveles de actividad física e índice de masa corporal entre estudiantes universitarios: una revisión sistemática / Analysis of the levels of physical activity and body mass index of college students: a systematic review
Resumen
Antecedentes: La calidad de vida de los estudiantes universitarios se ve directamente afectada al inicio de su vida universitaria debido a negligencia en el cuidado de la salud y a riesgos de predisposición como la obesidad. Propósito: El objetivo principal del presente estudio es analizar los niveles de actividad física y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) de los estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Se seleccionaron las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo, ScienceDirect, BVS y Cochrane. La estrategia de búsqueda incluyó descriptores en inglés y en portugués: "college students", "academics", "body mass index", "level of physical activity", y "quality of life". Resultados: Después de encontrar 16 artículos, se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión, resultando en 10 artículos para un análisis a fondo. Se observó que los estudiantes universitarios tenían un buen nivel de actividad física y un IMC adecuado, a diferencia de estudios anteriores en los que el nivel de inactividad física y el sobrepeso encontrados eran relativamente altos. Discusión: A partir de los estudios realizados, se concluye que actualmente los estudiantes universitarios están dentro del peso normal y son físicamente activos. Traducción a la práctica de la educación para la salud: Deberían realizarse más estudios sobre el IMC y los niveles de actividad física, como dos importantes indicadores de salud, entre estudiantes universitarios. Palabras clave: universitarios; nivel de actividad física; índice de masa corporal; estilo de vida; salud Abstract Background: The quality of life of college students is directly affected at the onset of college life due to the neglect of healthcare and predisposing risks such as obesity. Purpose: The main objective of the present study is to analyze the levels of physical activity and body mass index (BMI) of college students. Methods: The PubMed, Scielo, ScienceDirect, BVS, and Cochrane databases were selected. The search strategy included descriptors in English and Portuguese: “college students”, “academics”, “body mass index”, “level of physical activity”, and “quality of life”. Results: After finding 16 articles, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in 10 articles for deep analysis. It was observed that college students had a good level of physical activity and adequate BMI, diverging from old studies in which the level of physical inactivity and overweight was relatively high. Discussion: From the studies carried out, it is concluded that currently college students are within normal weight and are physically active. Translation to Health Education Practice: Further studies about BMI and physical activity levels, as two important health indicators, should be carried out in college students. Keywords: academics; physical activity level; body mass index; lifestyle; healthCitas
Alberti A, Ruiz Reyes MA, De Jesus JA, Rossoni C, Grigollo L, Da Silva BB, et al. Identification of obesity in children and teenagers. Minerva Pediatr. 2021. DOI: 10.23736/S0026-4946.20.05731-X
Queiroz MGDA, M.L.A.; Brito, A.D.L.; Medeiros, C.C.M.; Simões, M.O. da S.; Teixeira, A.; Carvalho, D.F. Envelhecimento saudável prejudicado pela obesidade: uma revisão integrativa. Brazilian Journal of health Review. 2020;3:2309-16. DOI: 10.34119/bjhrv3n2-082
Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, Borodulin K, Buman MP, Cardon G, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54(24):1451-62. DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955
Claumann GS, Maccari FE, Ribovski M, Pinto AdA, Felden ÉPG, Pelegrini A. Qualidade de vida em acadêmicos ingressantes em cursos de educação física. Journal of Physical Education. 2017;28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4025/jphyseduc.v28i1.2824
Silva ITSA, A.K.Q.; Araújo, R.O.; Munhoz, F.C. O convívio familiar e sua relação com a qualidade de vida de estudantes de Medicina de uma instituição privada do Tocantins. Revista Brasileira de Educação e Saúde. 2020;10:65-70.DOI: 10.18378/rebes.v10i2.7749
Lima AD, Lustosa, R. P., Daniele, T. M. da C., Uchôa, F. N. M., Foschetti, D. A., dos Santos, A. T., Uchôa, N. M., & dos Santos, R. L. . A associação do índice de massa corpórea com a relação cintura/quadril no comportamento da saúde de policiais militares do Estado do Ceará. RBPFEX - Revista Brasileira De Prescrição E Fisiologia Do Exercício. 2016;10:330-9.
Lopes VP, Malina RM, Gomez-Campos R, Cossio-Bolanos M, Arruda M, Hobold E. Body mass index and physical fitness in Brazilian adolescents. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2019;95(3):358-65. DOI:10.1016/j.jped.2018.04.003
ABESO. Mapa da Obesidade. Associação Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade e da Síndrome Metabólica. 2018.
Melo AB, Carvalho, Everton Menegueli, Sá, Felipe Gonçalves dos Santos de, Cordeiro, Jóctan Pimentel, Leopoldo, André Soares, & Lima-Leopoldo, Ana Paula. Nível de atividade física dos estudantes de graduação em educação física da universidade federal do espírito santo. Journal of Physical Education. 2018;27. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/jphyseduc.v27i1.2723
Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gotzsche PC, Ioannidis JP, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000100. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1371 / journal.pmed.1000100
Antoniazzi LD, Aballay, L. R. R., Fernandez, A. R., & Fiol de Cuneo, M. Análisis del estado nutricional en estudiantes educación física, asociada a hábitos alimentarios y nivel de actividad física. Revista De La Facultad De Ciencias Médicas De Córdoba. 2018;75:105–10.DOI: https://doi.org/10.31053/1853.0605.v75.n2.20793
Silva WRM, J.; Campos, J.A.D.B. Escala de Influência dos Três Fatores (TIS) aplicada a estudantes universitários: estudo de validação e aplicação. Cad Saúde Pública. 2019;35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00179318.
Peterson NE, Sirard JR, Kulbok PA, DeBoer MD, Erickson JM. Sedentary behavior and physical activity of young adult university students. Res Nurs Health. 2018;41(1):30-8. DOI: 10.1002 / nur.21845
Vainshelboim B, Brennan GM, LoRusso S, Fitzgerald P, Wisniewski KS. Sedentary behavior and physiological health determinants in male and female college students. Physiol Behav. 2019;204:277-82. DOI: 10.1016 / j.physbeh.2019.02.041
Kayode OO, Alabi QK. Food consumption patterns, physical activity and overweight and obesity among undergraduates of a private university in Nigeria. Clinical Nutrition Experimental. 2020;31:28-34.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yclnex.2020.01.001
Silva LPRT, A.R. de O.; Rodrigues, E.L.; Ré, P.V.D.; Sanches, P.M.A.; Bresan, D. Dissatisfaction about body image and associated factors: a study of young undergraduate students. Einstein 2019;17:1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2019ao4642
Towne SD, Jr., Ory MG, Smith ML, Peres SC, Pickens AW, Mehta RK, et al. Accessing physical activity among young adults attending a university: the role of sex, race/ethnicity, technology use, and sleep. BMC Public Health. 2017;17(1):721. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4757-y
Garrett SL, Pina-Thomas DM, Peterson KA, Benton MJ. Tracking physical activity in baccalaureate nursing students in the United States prior to graduation: A longitudinal study. Nurse Educ Today. 2019;80:28-33.DOI: http://doi.or/10.1016 / j.nedt.2019.05.038.
Grasdalsmoen M, Eriksen HR, Lonning KJ, Sivertsen B. Physical exercise and body-mass index in young adults: a national survey of Norwegian university students. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):1354.DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7650-z.
Fernani DCGL, Cortez GM, Santos IA, Pacagnelli FL, Massetti T, Silva TDd, et al. Anthropometric profile, physical activity level, degree of anxiety, and posture in college students. Fisioterapia e Pesquisa. 2017;24:191-7. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/18092950/17160324022017
