Prevalence of Neonatal Jaundice and its Associated Risk Factors In Babies Born At Westend Hospital In Harare, Zimbabwe.
Keywords:
neonatal, jaundice, risk, maernal, prevalenceAbstract
Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of neonatal jaundice in babies born at Westend Hospital in Zimbabwe between January and December 2021. Methods: This was an analytical cross sectional study where secondary data were analyzed in a retrospective manner. The study was carried out at Westend Hospital in Harare in year 2021. Out of 1172 babies delivered only 611 babies were qualified and included in this study, we excluded all the other maternity and babies on medication except those on Nevirapine Case notes of babies admitted from January 2021 to December 2021 were retrieved through information on bio data. Using convenient sampling, 611 babies were suitable for this study, we assessed their demographic, clinical outcome and laboratory data .Descriptive statistics was used in addition. Maternal and fetal risk factors were assessed using Chi square test P< 0.05 as statistically significant. Results: This study showed that 281 babies presented with neonatal jaundice resulting in 45.99% prevalence rate. Chi square test found significant relationships between the predisposing risk factors and neonatal jaundice. Significant risk factors for neonatal jaundice were birth weight (p=<0.0001), prematurity (p=<0.001), neonatal gender (p=0.028), blood group incompatibility (p=<0.001) and low birth weight (p=0.044). Conclusions: The prevalence of neonatal jaundice was found to be high and risk factors were predominantly demographic, maternal and neonatal.
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